病人正在靜脈輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin），護理師觀察到病人出現潮紅、低血壓與心搏過速，應優先採取何種措施？
A client is receiving an IV infusion of vancomycin. The nurse notes the client develops flushing, hypotension, and tachycardia. Which action should the nurse take first?
- AAdminister an IV bolus of normal saline給予正常食鹽水靜脈推注
- BAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- CSlow the rate of the infusion減慢輸注速率
- DStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
此臨床表現為紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），因萬古黴素輸注過快導致組織胺大量釋放。雖然減慢速率（選項 C）是減輕症狀的手段，但若已發生低血壓與心搏過速等系統性反應，應先立即停止輸注以防休克惡化，待評估穩定後再遵照醫囑調整後續速率。
This clinical presentation is Red Man Syndrome, caused by a rapid release of histamine due to overly fast vancomycin infusion. Although slowing the infusion rate (option C) can alleviate symptoms, when systemic reactions such as hypotension and tachycardia have already occurred, the infusion should be stopped immediately to prevent worsening shock; once the situation is stabilized, the rate may be adjusted per physician order.
美台臨床皆視此為常見藥物不良反應，但美國護理師依 protocol 處置的授權彈性較大。