護理師為一位出院並服用 Warfarin 的病人進行指導，哪些敘述顯示病人需要進一步教育？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is being discharged with a prescription for warfarin. Which client statements indicate a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- AI will make sure to eat plenty of green leafy vegetables like spinach daily✓ 正解我會確保每天攝取大量像菠菜這樣的深綠色葉菜
- BI will use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent bleeding我會使用軟毛牙刷以防止出血
- CI will take an aspirin if I get a headache to manage my pain✓ 正解如果我頭痛，我會服用阿斯匹靈來止痛
- DI will report any dark, tarry stools to my healthcare provider我會向醫療保健提供者報告任何黑色柏油樣糞便
- EI need to have my blood work checked regularly as ordered我需要按照指示定期抽血檢查
Warfarin 是一種維生素 K 拮抗劑，每日攝取大量深綠色蔬菜（富含 Vit K）會導致藥效減弱；同時服用阿斯匹靈會增加出血風險，且未經諮詢不應自行使用非處方止痛藥。軟毛牙刷與定期抽血監測 INR 是正確的預防措施，血便則是需立即報告的警示徵兆。
Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist; consuming large amounts of dark green leafy vegetables (high in vitamin K) daily can reduce its effect, while taking aspirin concurrently increases bleeding risk and over-the-counter analgesics should not be used without consultation. A soft-bristled toothbrush and regular INR monitoring are correct preventive measures, and bloody/tarry stools are warning signs that must be reported immediately.
美國非常強調病人對於藥物交互作用的自主評估能力，台灣藥師衛教功能較為強勢，護理師則負責落實執行。