護理師為一位有跌倒病史的病人規劃照護計畫，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning care for a client with a history of falls. Which interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the bed in the lowest position✓ 正解將病床保持在最低位置
- BEnsure call light is within reach✓ 正解確保呼叫鈴在可及範圍內
- CApply restraints to prevent the client from getting up應用約束帶以防止病人起身
- DPlace the client in a room near the nursing station✓ 正解將病人安置在護理站附近的房間
- EEncourage the client to keep personal items close by✓ 正解鼓勵病人將個人物品放在附近
預防跌倒措施重點在於環境安全與監測。將床降至最低可減少墜床傷勢，呼叫鈴隨手可得讓病人隨時求援，鄰近護理站可增加觀察率，將常用物放置身邊減少病人起身需求。約束（Restraints）為最後手段，須有醫囑且具備嚴格指徵，不可僅因預防跌倒即隨意使用。
Fall prevention measures focus on environmental safety and monitoring. Keeping the bed in the lowest position reduces injury severity from falls; an accessible call light allows the client to summon help at any time; placement near the nursing station increases observation; and keeping personal items within reach decreases the client's need to get up. Restraints are a last resort, requiring a physician's order with strict indications and must not be used simply to prevent falls.
美國法規對約束要求極高，且有嚴格的評估頻率規定；台灣過去較常使用約束保護病人，現已逐步轉向物理防護。