護理師為失智症病人規劃照護時，應包含哪些安全環境措施？（選所有適合的）
Which activities should the nurse include when planning care for a client with dementia to ensure a safe environment? (Select all that apply.)
- AUsing night lights in the bedroom and bathroom✓ 正解在臥室和浴室使用夜燈
- BKeeping personal belongings in the same place✓ 正解將個人物品保持在同一位置
- CLocking all exits to prevent wandering鎖住所有出口以防止遊蕩
- DMaintaining a predictable daily routine✓ 正解維持可預測的日常作息
- ERemoving scatter rugs from the floor✓ 正解移除地板上的散落地毯
失智症（Dementia）病人的照護核心在於「環境改造」（Environmental modification）以降低認知缺損帶來的風險。病人常因視知覺障礙、混亂與遊走（Wandering）行為導致跌倒，因此營造可預測、安全且無障礙的環境是護理優先事項。選項 A、B、D、E 均為實證支持的跌倒預防措施，透過減少環境變數與物理障礙，能顯著提升安全性。
The core of care for clients with dementia is environmental modification to reduce risks caused by cognitive deficits. Clients frequently fall due to visuospatial impairment, confusion, and wandering, so creating a predictable, safe, and obstacle-free environment is a nursing priority. Options A, B, D, and E are all evidence-based fall prevention measures; reducing environmental variables and physical hazards significantly improves safety.
美國法規對機構（Long-term care facility）的消防與出口安全要求極為嚴格，強調「最小限制原則」（Least restrictive environment），禁止隨意鎖死出口，通常採用警報系統（WanderGuard）或門禁密碼鎖。