— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位新診斷為糖尿病的病人獲醫囑使用甘精胰島素（insulin glargine）。護理師應包含哪些教學內容？（選所有適合的）
A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is receiving insulin glargine. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdminister the dose at the same time each day✓ 正解每天在同一時間給藥
- BDo not mix this insulin with any other insulin in the same syringe✓ 正解不要將此胰島素與任何其他胰島素混合在同一支注射器中
- CCheck for signs of hypoglycemia throughout the day✓ 正解整天檢查是否有低血糖跡象
- DExpect a peak effect within 2 to 4 hours of administration預期在給藥後 2 至 4 小時內達到峰值效應
- ERotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy✓ 正解輪替注射部位以預防脂肪營養不良
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甘精胰島素屬於長效型胰島素，特點為無明顯高峰期（peakless）。教學重點在於恆定施打時間、不可混藥（pH 值不同）、警惕低血糖，以及固定更換注射部位以防脂肪增生。選項 D 錯誤，因為該藥無明顯作用尖峰。
Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin and is characterized by being peakless. Teaching emphasizes administration at the same time each day, never mixing with other insulins (due to its acidic pH), vigilance for hypoglycemia, and rotation of injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy. Option D is incorrect because this medication has no pronounced peak of action.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆強調整體劑量管理，但美國護理師在衛教 insulin pen 的操作上更具備居家自我管理的指導角色。