哪項措施對於預防醫療相關感染（HAI）最為有效？
Which of the following interventions is most effective in preventing a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)?
- AUsing prophylactic antibiotics for all clients對所有病患使用預防性抗生素
- BStrict adherence to hand hygiene✓ 正解嚴格遵守手部衛生
- CWearing gloves for all patient interactions在所有病患互動時佩戴手套
- DAdministering vaccines to all staff為所有員工接種疫苗
醫療相關感染（HAI）的傳播路徑中，醫護人員未清潔的手部是病原體在病人與環境間轉移的主要媒介。手部衛生（hand hygiene）透過阻斷病原體傳播，是預防感染最簡單、成本最低且實證效果最顯著的措施。無論是接觸前、無菌操作前還是接觸環境後，嚴格執行手部衛生皆為控制感染之核心，是所有感染管制策略中效益比最高的行動。
In the transmission of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), the hands of unclean staff are the major vehicle for moving pathogens between clients and the environment. Hand hygiene interrupts pathogen transmission and is the simplest, most cost-effective, and most evidence-supported measure for preventing infection. Strict hand hygiene before contact, before aseptic procedures, and after contact with the environment is the core of every infection-control strategy and the single highest-yield action.