— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備經由靜脈注射氯化鉀，下列哪些是必要的安全規範？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously. Which safety protocols are necessary? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify that the dose is diluted prior to administration✓ 正解確認劑量在給藥前已稀釋
- BAdminister the medication as a rapid IV push以快速靜脈推注方式給予藥物
- CEnsure the client has adequate urine output before infusion✓ 正解確保病人在輸注前有足夠的尿量
- DUse an infusion pump to control the flow rate✓ 正解使用輸注幫浦控制流速
- EAssess the IV site for signs of phlebitis✓ 正解評估靜脈注射部位是否有靜脈炎的跡象
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子注射屬於高警訊藥物。嚴禁靜脈快速推注（IV Push），否則會導致致命的心律不整。必須確保病人有足夠尿量以利排除，且必須透過輸液幫浦控制速度以防過快。此外，鉀對血管刺激性強，務必檢查輸液部位是否出現靜脈炎。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that must be diluted and administered via an infusion pump to prevent fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Nurses must ensure adequate urine output to allow for potassium excretion and assess the IV site for phlebitis, as potassium is irritating to veins.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對高警訊藥物（High-Alert Meds）的雙人核對制度均十分嚴格。