一位環境維護（清潔）工友在走廊上不慎掉落一台故障的血壓計，導致水銀以許多小珠狀散置在地板上。檢傷護理師聽見摔碎聲並走出來查看。護理師處理此危險物質洩漏的最恰當首要動作為何？
An environmental services worker accidentally drops a defective sphygmomanometer in the hallway, causing mercury to scatter across the floor in numerous small beads. The triage nurse hears the crash and steps out to investigate. Which immediate action by the nurse is the most appropriate safely handling this hazardous spill?
- APut on double gloves and carefully sweep the mercury beads into a biohazard bag.戴上雙層手套，小心地將水銀珠掃入生物危害袋中。
- BIsolate and evacuate the immediate hallway area and notify the facility's hazardous materials (HazMat) team.✓ 正解隔離並撤離走廊周邊區域，並通知機構的危險材料（HazMat）小組。
- CRetrieve the unit's vacuum cleaner to quickly suction the beads before they spread.取用單位的吸塵器，在水銀擴散前迅速將其吸除。
- DSprinkle the spill with a chlorine bleach solution to neutralize the mercury vapor.在洩漏處灑上次氯酸鈉（漂白水）溶液以中和水銀蒸氣。
本題測驗危險物質（Hazardous Materials）外洩的緊急處理安全原則。水銀這類重金屬在室溫下易揮發，吸入後具高度神經毒性。一般護理人員並未配備處理化學洩漏的專業器材（如專用粉末或水銀吸管）。遇任何不明化學或水銀洩漏時，首要原則是「包圍隔離（Isolate）」並疏散人流，接著聯絡受過訓練的化學危害處理團隊（HazMat Team）前來利用 Spill kit 回收（選項B正確）。選項C是災難性的錯誤：使用吸塵器會產生負壓氣旋並加熱水銀，將有毒水銀蒸汽迅速噴灑到整個單位的空氣中造成集體中毒。選項A用掃把掃除會把小水銀珠打碎成更細微的粉粒，大量增加揮發表面積。選項D漂白水（Chlorine）無法中和水銀，反而可能因為不可預期的化學反應產生更致命的毒氣。
The priority action is to isolate and evacuate the area to prevent exposure to toxic mercury vapors and notify the hazardous materials team for proper cleanup. Using a vacuum or sweeping spreads mercury into smaller droplets or vaporizes it, increasing inhalation risks, while bleach does not neutralize mercury.
雖然現今台美的新設備全面禁用水銀，但在 NCLEX 考題中，水銀洩漏依然是做為「絕對禁止吸塵器與掃把」的經典化學防護指標概念受到頻繁測試。台灣則著重於推廣 SDS (安全資料表) 的查閱。