— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備對成年病人進行肌肉注射，哪項措施最能有效降低神經損傷風險？
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an adult client. Which nursing action is most effective in reducing the risk of nerve injury?
- AInjecting at a 45-degree angle以45度角注射
- BAspirating before injecting the medication注射藥物前先進行抽吸
- CUsing the dorsogluteal site for all injections對所有注射使用背臀部注射部位
- DSelecting the ventrogluteal site for the injection✓ 正解選擇腹臀部注射部位進行注射
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
腹臀部（ventrogluteal site）被公認為肌肉注射最安全的位置，因為該處肌肉厚實、脂肪層較薄，且遠離主要的血管與神經。背臀部（dorsogluteal）因鄰近坐骨神經，風險較高。現代實證醫學顯示，除特殊藥物外，常規注射不再強制要求抽吸。
The ventrogluteal site is the safest location for intramuscular injections because it has thick muscle tissue, minimal fat, and lacks major nerves and blood vessels. In contrast, the dorsogluteal site poses a higher risk of sciatic nerve injury, and aspiration is no longer standard practice for most IM injections.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣傳統教學仍多使用背臀部，美國則全面推廣腹臀部注射以符合實證安全準則。