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降低風險 · HARD · MCQ

護理師準備為病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀(KCl)。下列哪項行動對確保安全至關重要?

A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV to a client. Which action is essential to ensure safety?

  • AAdminister the drug via IV bolus
    經靜脈推注給藥
  • BUse an infusion pump to deliver the medication✓ 正解
    使用輸液幫浦給藥
  • CFlush the IV line with 50 mL of saline before administration
    給藥前以 50 mL 生理食鹽水沖洗靜脈通路
  • DEnsure the client has a high urine output before starting
    確保病人開始給藥前有足夠的尿量
Explanation · 中文詳解

鉀離子靜脈輸注極具風險,絕對不可直接由靜脈推注(Bolus),必須使用輸液幫浦(Infusion pump)精確控制滴速。雖然必須確認尿量,但給藥時「精確控制流速」是護理師直接操作中防範致命性心律不整的最關鍵步驟。

Potassium chloride must never be administered as an IV bolus because rapid injection can cause fatal cardiac arrest. Using an infusion pump is essential to precisely control the infusion rate and prevent dosing errors, ensuring client safety during administration.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國法規對於高危險藥物(High-alert meds)的雙人核對與輸液幫浦規定極為嚴格;台灣亦有相關規範,但電子化程度與警示系統略有差異。

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