— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
護理師照護一位新診斷甲狀腺功能低下病人。應監測哪些臨床症狀？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a recent diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply.)
- AWeight gain✓ 正解體重增加
- BTachycardia心搏過速
- CCold intolerance✓ 正解畏寒
- DLethargy✓ 正解嗜睡
- EConstipation✓ 正解便秘
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺功能低下（Hypothyroidism）的核心機轉為甲狀腺素（T3/T4）分泌不足，導致全身代謝速率減慢。護理評估應聚焦於「代謝低下」的臨床表現，包括熱量消耗減少、腸胃蠕動減慢及神經系統抑制。正確選項皆反映了代謝減慢的生理後果。相反地，心搏過速屬於代謝亢進（如甲狀腺功能亢進）的表現。護理師應透過系統性評估，識別這些非特異性但具指標性的症狀，以協助早期診斷與監測治療反應。
Clients with hypothyroidism exhibit signs of a slowed metabolism, including weight gain, cold intolerance, lethargy, and constipation due to decreased gastrointestinal motility. Tachycardia is a symptom of hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism. Monitoring for these manifestations helps in early diagnosis and assessing treatment response.