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生理適應 · HARD · MCQ

護理師照護一位愛迪生氏病病人,該病人正經歷腎上腺危象。哪項發現最令人擔憂?

A nurse is caring for a client with Addison's disease who is experiencing an adrenal crisis. Which finding is most concerning?

  • ASerum potassium 6.5 mEq/L✓ 正解
    血清鉀離子 6.5 mEq/L
  • BBlood pressure 90/60 mmHg
    血壓 90/60 mmHg
  • CBlood glucose 70 mg/dL
    血糖 70 mg/dL
  • DSerum sodium 130 mEq/L
    血清鈉離子 130 mEq/L
Explanation · 中文詳解

腎上腺危象是愛迪生氏病的嚴重併發症,通常與醛固酮和皮質醇嚴重不足有關。高血鉀(>6.0 mEq/L)是腎上腺危象的危險徵兆,可能導致致命性的心律不整。雖然低血壓、低血鈉和低血糖也是常見表現,但高血鉀對心臟的直接威脅最大。

A serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L indicates severe hyperkalemia, which poses the most immediate threat due to the risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. While hypotension, hyponatremia, and hypoglycemia are common in adrenal crisis, hyperkalemia requires urgent intervention to prevent cardiac arrest.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國急診室處理腎上腺危象有標準化協議,包括立即給予 IV 類固醇和生理食鹽水;台灣則依循相似原則,強調快速補充體液和激素。

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