— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
一位被診斷為抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）的病患，哪些護理措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with SIADH. Which nursing interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- ARestrict fluid intake✓ 正解限制水分攝取
- BAdminister isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl)給予等張食鹽水 (0.9% NaCl)
- CMonitor daily weights✓ 正解監測每日體重
- DEncourage sodium-rich foods鼓勵攝取富含鈉的食物
- EMaintain a low-sodium diet維持低鈉飲食
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SIADH 導致水分滯留、稀釋性低血鈉。治療核心為限制水分攝取以避免稀釋加重。每日測體重能監測水分滯留狀況。因為病患體內總鈉量未減少，只是被水稀釋，故不需特別補充高鈉飲食，也不適用 isotonic saline，嚴重者反而需高張鹽水。
SIADH causes water retention and dilutional hyponatremia, making fluid restriction the primary treatment to prevent further dilution. Daily weights are monitored to assess the effectiveness of this restriction and detect fluid retention. Sodium supplementation or isotonic saline is generally not indicated because total body sodium is normal; the issue is excess water.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常主導 fluid restriction 管理並監測尿比重；台灣病房對 SIADH 的液體嚴格管理多需醫師強烈指示。