— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一名急性胰臟炎病人出現嚴重腹痛及 Trousseau 徵象陽性。護理師應預期下列何種實驗室數據？
A client with acute pancreatitis presents with severe abdominal pain and a positive Trousseau sign. Which laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate?
- AHyperkalemia高血鉀
- BHypocalcemia✓ 正解低血鈣
- CHypomagnesemia低血鎂
- DHyponatremia低血鈉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎導致脂肪壞死，壞死部位的脂肪酸會與鈣離子結合，形成皂化反應，消耗血液中的鈣離子，造成低血鈣（Hypocalcemia）。Trousseau 徵象（BP 袖帶充氣後出現腕痙攣）是低血鈣的特徵性臨床表現，其他還包括 Chvostek 徵象（敲擊面神經導致臉部抽搐）。低血鈣會增加神經肌肉興奮性，嚴重時可能引發痙攣或心律不整，需密切監測。
Acute pancreatitis can cause hypocalcemia due to fat saponification, where fatty acids bind with calcium ions in areas of necrosis. The presence of Trousseau sign, characterized by carpal spasm upon inflation of a blood pressure cuff, is a classic indicator of this electrolyte imbalance.