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生理適應 · HARD · SATA

下列哪些徵象是低血鉀病人的預期發現?(選所有適合的)

Which of the following signs should the nurse expect in a client with hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)

  • AMuscle weakness✓ 正解
    肌肉無力
  • BU wave on ECG✓ 正解
    心電圖出現 U 波
  • CTall, peaked T waves
    高大尖聳的 T 波
  • DDecreased bowel sounds✓ 正解
    腸鳴音減弱
  • ECardiac arrhythmias✓ 正解
    心律不整
Explanation · 中文詳解

鉀離子參與神經傳導與肌肉收縮,低血鉀(Hypokalemia)會導致細胞膜電位過極化,影響生理功能。臨床表現包括:骨骼肌無力、腸蠕動減慢導致便秘或腸阻塞、心肌電生理異常。心電圖上常見 U 波(U wave)出現,這是因為心室再極化延遲的表現。高血鉀才會出現尖聳的 T 波(Tall, peaked T waves)。

Hypokalemia manifests as muscle weakness, decreased bowel sounds due to slowed smooth muscle activity, and cardiac arrhythmias. An ECG typically shows U waves, whereas tall, peaked T waves are characteristic of hyperkalemia.

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