— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人獲醫囑給予 Furosemide 40 mg IV push。哪些監測指標是必要的？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed furosemide 40 mg IV push. Which monitoring parameters are essential? (Select all that apply.)
- ASerum potassium levels✓ 正解血清鉀濃度
- BBlood pressure✓ 正解血壓
- CSerum glucose levels血清葡萄糖濃度
- DDaily weight✓ 正解每日體重
- EIntake and output✓ 正解出入量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 是一種高效利尿劑（Loop diuretic），透過抑制腎小管對鈉與氯的再吸收來增加排尿。其常見的副作用包括鉀離子流失（低血鉀）、體液減少（低血壓）以及脫水。因此，護理照護必須包含密切監測血鉀濃度、血壓變化，並透過每日測量體重與計算進出水量（I/O）來評估利尿效果與體液平衡，以防脫水或電解質失衡。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes potassium excretion, necessitating regular monitoring of serum potassium levels to prevent hypokalemia. It also causes significant fluid loss, which can lead to hypotension and dehydration; therefore, blood pressure, daily weight, and intake/output measurements are essential to assess volume status and diuretic efficacy.