— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照護一位診斷甲狀腺癌並需進行放射性碘治療的病人，應執行哪些防護措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of radioactive iodine therapy for thyroid cancer. Which precautions should the nurse implement?
- AEncourage the client to use a private bathroom and flush twice✓ 正解鼓勵病人使用私人浴室並沖水兩次
- BUse a lead-lined apron while providing care提供照護時穿著鉛衣
- CLimit visitors to one person for 30 minutes daily將訪客限制為每天一人，每次 30 分鐘
- DDispose of all linens and trash as radioactive waste將所有床單和垃圾當作放射性廢棄物處理
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
放射性碘主要經由尿液排泄，病人在接受治療後數日內尿液具有放射性。病人應使用獨立廁所並沖水兩次，以稀釋放射性物質。鉛裙僅對 X 光防護有效，對放射性碘無效；訪客限制需根據具體劑量與衛生署規範，通常有更嚴格限制，但沖水雙次是居家護理的核心原則。
Radioactive iodine is primarily excreted through urine, which remains radioactive for several days after treatment. To minimize exposure to others, clients should use a private bathroom and flush twice to dilute the radioactive material. Lead aprons are ineffective against this type of radiation, and linens only require special disposal if contaminated with body fluids.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對放射性同位素病房有嚴格的輻射防護管制，由專門的核醫科護理師管理，與美國規範一致。