— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導一位第一型糖尿病病人關於生病期間的處理原則。應包含哪些項目？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus about sick day rules. Which of the following should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck blood glucose levels every 3 to 4 hours✓ 正解每 3 至 4 小時測量血糖
- BStop taking insulin if unable to eat若無法進食則停止注射胰島素
- CTest urine for ketones if glucose is > 240 mg/dL✓ 正解若血糖 > 240 mg/dL 則檢測尿液酮體
- DDrink 8 to 12 ounces of fluid every hour✓ 正解每小時飲用 8 至 12 盎司液體
- EContact the provider if vomiting occurs✓ 正解若發生嘔吐則聯繫醫師
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
生病期間（如發燒、感染）會增加壓力荷爾蒙，導致血糖上升。監測重點為每 3-4 小時檢測血糖，並在血糖大於 240 mg/dL 時監測尿酮。生病期間即使進食量少，亦不可停用胰島素，因為身體處於高代謝狀態。補充水分以防脫水，若出現嘔吐、無法進食或酮酸中毒跡象，應立即求醫。
During illness, clients with Type 1 Diabetes should check blood glucose every 3 to 4 hours and test for ketones if glucose exceeds 240 mg/dL to monitor for diabetic ketoacidosis. It is crucial to maintain hydration and continue insulin therapy even if food intake decreases, as stress hormones raise blood sugar levels.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆強調病患自主管理，但美國醫療院所更常透過遠距健康諮詢（Telehealth）提供病患即時生病處理指導。