— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備對成年病人進行肌肉注射。下列哪項措施最能展現降低風險的正確技術？
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an adult client. Which of the following actions demonstrates proper technique to minimize risk?
- AChoose a site based on muscle mass and proximity to nerves✓ 正解依據肌肉量及神經鄰近程度選擇注射部位
- BAspirate prior to injecting the medication注射前進行回抽
- CMassage the site vigorously after injection注射後用力按摩注射部位
- DUse a 1-inch needle for all intramuscular injections所有肌肉注射均使用1英寸針頭
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
選擇合適的注射部位是預防神經或血管損傷的關鍵。現代指引多已不建議常規抽吸（Aspiration），尤其對於疫苗或特定藥物；按摩部位可能增加出血或刺激；針頭長度需根據病人皮下脂肪厚度與肌肉量決定，而非固定使用1英吋。
Proper landmarking is essential to avoid injury to nerves and bone when selecting an intramuscular injection site. Current guidelines no longer recommend routine aspiration for most IM injections, and vigorous massage can force medication into subcutaneous tissue or cause bruising. Additionally, needle length must be individualized based on the patient's body habitus rather than using a fixed size.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床常見習慣保留回抽動作，而美國醫護人員已嚴格遵循不需回抽的指引。