— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈給予氯化鉀（KCl），下列哪項安全措施最重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride (KCl) via IV infusion. Which safety intervention is most important?
- AMonitor the patient's blood pressure every 15 minutes每15分鐘監測病患血壓
- BCheck for urinary output of at least 30 mL/hr✓ 正解檢查尿液排出量是否至少每小時30毫升
- CAdminister the infusion as a rapid IV bolus作為快速靜脈推注給藥
- DVerify the patient's peripheral pulses確認病患周邊脈搏
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀（KCl）是高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medication）。靜脈給予時，若腎功能不足或尿量過少，極易導致高血鉀（Hyperkalemia），進而引發致命心律不整。因此，給藥前的安全護理關鍵在於確認排尿功能。此外，KCl 絕對嚴禁未經稀釋的直接靜脈推注（Bolus），必須透過幫浦給藥。
Before administering intravenous potassium chloride, the nurse must verify adequate urinary output to ensure renal function is intact and prevent hyperkalemia. Potassium is excreted primarily by the kidneys, so insufficient urine output significantly increases the risk of toxic accumulation and fatal arrhythmias.