— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位有皮膚癌家族史的 30 歲病人諮詢預防措施。護理師應優先建議哪項？
A 30-year-old client with a family history of skin cancer asks about prevention. Which recommendation should the nurse prioritize?
- AApply sunscreen with at least SPF 15塗抹至少 SPF 15 的防曬乳
- BUse tanning beds instead of direct sunlight使用美黑機代替直接日曬
- CSeek shade during peak UV hours (10 AM to 4 PM)✓ 正解在紫外線最強時段（上午 10 點至下午 4 點）尋找陰涼處
- DTake oral vitamin D supplements daily每日口服維生素 D 補充劑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮膚癌的預防核心在於避免紫外線傷害。紫外線強度在上午 10 點至下午 4 點達到高峰，此時段應儘量待在陰影下或採取嚴格防護。SPF 15 是最低標準，但現代建議應使用 SPF 30 以上。日光浴機（Tanning beds）會直接發出高劑量紫外線，會顯著增加癌症風險。維生素 D 可透過飲食與適度曝曬攝取，無須過度依賴補充劑。
Ultraviolet radiation is most intense between 10 AM and 4 PM, making shade-seeking the most effective preventive measure against skin cancer. Sunscreen should have an SPF of 30 or higher for adequate protection, not just 15. Tanning beds emit harmful UV rays that significantly increase melanoma risk, and vitamin D supplements do not protect against skin cancer.