— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲廣泛性焦慮症病史的個案出現恐慌發作，護理師應優先採取的措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with a panic attack. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
- AAdminister an as-needed anxiolytic medication給予按需使用的抗焦慮藥物
- BTeach the client deep breathing techniques immediately立即教導病人深呼吸技巧
- CStay with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解陪伴病人並維持安靜平和的環境
- DEncourage the client to discuss the source of their anxiety鼓勵病人討論其焦慮的來源
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌發作時，個案常有瀕死感及情緒失控。護理師應提供安全、穩定的環境並陪伴在側，減少外界刺激，給予個案安全感，此為護理處置的核心。藥物雖可緩解，但非首要；過度詢問原因或教導技巧在情緒極度激昂時效果不彰。
During a panic attack, the priority nursing intervention is to stay with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment to provide safety and minimize sensory stimulation. Teaching or deep discussion is ineffective while the client is in crisis, and medication is secondary to establishing a therapeutic presence.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於恐慌發作皆強調安全防護；台灣臨床環境較重視家屬安撫，美國則更強調護理師專業陪伴與減少過度醫療處置。