— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人獲醫囑給予 20 mEq 氯化鉀靜脈注射。下列哪項護理措施對確保安全至關重要？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which nursing action is essential to ensure safety?
- AAdminister the dose as an intravenous bolus作為靜脈推注給藥
- BMonitor for symptoms of hypokalemia監測低血鉀症狀
- CVerify the concentration and infusion rate✓ 正解確認濃度與輸注速率
- DFlush the IV line with sterile water用無菌水沖洗靜脈通路
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注鉀離子具高風險，濃度過高或速度過快會引發嚴重的心律不整甚至心搏停止。核對給藥路徑與給藥速率是預防藥物過量及血管刺激的關鍵防護步驟。靜脈推注（Bolus）絕對禁止，以免造成心臟驟停；生理食鹽水才是首選沖洗液。
Intravenous potassium chloride carries a high risk of cardiac toxicity if administered too rapidly or in incorrect concentrations. Verifying the infusion rate and concentration is critical to prevent life-threatening arrhythmias, as IV bolus administration is strictly contraindicated.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆將鉀離子列為高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medication），給藥前皆需雙人核對。