下列哪些護理行為顯示護理師符合 HIPAA（健康保險流通與責任法案）規定？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates an understanding of HIPAA regulations? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiscussing a client's lab results with their spouse in the hallway在走廊與配偶討論病人的檢驗結果
- BLogging off the computer terminal before leaving the station✓ 正解離開工作站前登出電腦終端機
- CPlacing the client's full name on the outside of the medical chart在病歷外側標註病人的全名
- DDisposing of documents containing PHI in a shredder bin✓ 正解將含有個人健康資訊（PHI）的文件放入碎紙機回收桶銷毀
- EVerifying the client's identity before discussing care with a family member✓ 正解在與家屬討論照護計畫前，先確認病人身分
HIPAA 核心在於保護病人隱私。在公開走廊討論病情（A）會洩漏個資；病歷封面不應直接顯示全名（C），以防隱私外洩。正確行為包括：離開終端機需登出以防他人接觸資料（B）、含個資文件應放入碎紙箱銷毀（D）、與家屬討論病情前先核實身份或確認授權（E）。
Adherence to HIPAA regulations requires protecting patient privacy by logging off computer terminals when away and disposing of documents containing protected health information in shredder bins. Nurses must also verify the identity of individuals before discussing care with family members to ensure information is released only to authorized persons. Discussing sensitive information in public areas or displaying full names on chart covers violates these privacy standards.
美國 HIPAA 法規嚴格且違規罰責極重，台灣主要依賴《醫療法》與《個人資料保護法》，臨床執行力與意識層面仍有提升空間。