— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位有中央靜脈導管（CVC）的病人。哪項感染控制措施是優先的？
A nurse is caring for a client with a CVC (Central Venous Catheter). What is the priority infection control measure?
- AMaintaining strict aseptic technique during insertion and maintenance✓ 正解在置入與維護期間維持嚴格的無菌技術
- BChanging the dressing daily每日更換敷料
- CAdministering prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
- DFlushing the catheter with heparin every hour每小時以肝素沖洗導管
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
中央靜脈導管（CVC）相關血液感染（CRBSI）是嚴重的醫療照護相關感染。預防的核心在於「無菌操作」（Aseptic technique）。無論是在導管置入、更換敷料、輸液連接或採血時，嚴格遵守無菌技術都能有效阻絕病原體進入血液循環。過度頻繁更換敷料反而會因干擾導管而增加感染風險，應遵循醫院指引（通常為每 7 天或敷料髒污/脫落時更換）。
Maintaining strict aseptic technique during central venous catheter insertion and maintenance is the priority intervention to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections. Frequent dressing changes or unnecessary flushing can disrupt the sterile field and increase contamination risk, while prophylactic antibiotics are not standard practice.