— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
護理師照顧一位甲狀腺功能亢進的病人，下列哪些臨床表現是預期會看到的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism. Which clinical findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- AHeat intolerance✓ 正解不耐熱
- BWeight loss✓ 正解體重減輕
- CBradycardia心搏過緩
- DExophthalmos✓ 正解眼球突出
- EInsomnia✓ 正解失眠
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺功能亢進（Hyperthyroidism）導致全身代謝率異常升高。臨床上，這會表現為熱耐受差（代謝熱量過多）、體重減輕（能量消耗過快）、心跳過速（交感神經興奮）、失眠（情緒亢奮）以及眼球突出（特別是 Graves' disease）。護理師應預期這些症狀，並提供相應的護理，如維持涼爽環境、提供高熱量飲食與情緒支持。
Clients with hyperthyroidism exhibit signs of a hypermetabolic state, including heat intolerance, weight loss despite increased appetite, insomnia, and exophthalmos, particularly in Graves' disease. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is also expected due to increased sympathetic activity.