— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位懷孕 28 週的孕婦詢問疫苗接種建議。下列哪項疫苗此時為禁忌？
A pregnant client at 28 weeks gestation asks about recommended immunizations. Which vaccine is contraindicated at this time?
- AMeasles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)✓ 正解麻疹、腮腺炎和德國麻疹疫苗(MMR)
- BTetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap)破傷風、白喉和百日咳疫苗(Tdap)
- CInfluenza (inactivated)流感疫苗(不活化)
- DHepatitis BB型肝炎疫苗
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
MMR 疫苗屬於減毒活疫苗，在懷孕期間施打有導致胎兒先天性感染的理論風險，因此孕期絕對禁忌。Tdap 與流感疫苗則強烈建議孕期接種以保護母嬰健康。B 型肝炎疫苗在孕期若有風險評估後可施打，非絕對禁忌。
The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine and is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the theoretical risk of causing congenital infection in the fetus. Other vaccines such as Tdap, inactivated influenza, and hepatitis B are generally safe or recommended based on specific risk assessments.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆遵循 CDC 指引，但美國護理師常主動在產檢衛教中確認疫苗接種史，台灣多由醫師決定。