— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
胸部創傷的病人出現下列哪項評估結果，暗示可能為張力性氣胸？
Which assessment finding in a client with chest trauma indicates a possible tension pneumothorax?
- ADecreased breath sounds on the affected side✓ 正解患側呼吸音減弱
- BBilateral crackles in the lungs雙側肺部囉音
- CSudden sharp chest pain with coughing咳嗽時突發銳利胸痛
- DTracheal deviation toward the affected side氣管向患側偏移
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
張力性氣胸（Tension pneumothorax）為致命性急症。空氣進入胸膜腔後無法排出，導致腔內壓力不斷上升，進而壓迫肺部導致肺塌陷，並造成縱膈移位，嚴重影響靜脈回流與心輸出量。聽診時受影響側呼吸音消失或明顯減弱是張力性氣胸的核心評估結果。此時需立即進行針刺減壓（Needle decompression）或放置胸管，否則會發生休克。
A tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening emergency where air trapped in the pleural space causes lung collapse and mediastinal shift. The hallmark assessment finding is decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side due to the collapsed lung. Other signs include tracheal deviation away from the affected side and hypotension, requiring immediate intervention such as needle decompression.