— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人診斷為困難梭狀桿菌感染,護理師應採取何種手部衛生措施?
A client is diagnosed with Clostridioides difficile infection. Which hand hygiene practice should the nurse implement?
- AUse soap and water for hand hygiene✓ 正解使用肥皂和水進行手部清潔
- BUse hand sanitizer after every contact每次接觸後使用乾洗手
- CWear sterile gloves at all times全程佩戴無菌手套
- DUse alcohol-based hand rub only僅使用含酒精的搓手液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
困難梭狀桿菌(C. difficile)會產生芽孢(spores),這些芽孢對酒精具有極強的抵抗力,一般的酒精性乾洗手液無法有效將其從手上移除。根據疾病管制與預防中心(CDC)的感染控制指引,處理此類病人時,必須使用肥皂與流動水進行手部衛生,利用物理性的機械沖刷作用(mechanical friction)將芽孢移除。這是預防醫療照護相關感染(HAI)的核心原則,也是 NCLEX 考試中關於傳染病隔離的必考點。
Soap and water must be used for hand hygiene because C. difficile spores are resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers. Physical friction and rinsing with running water are required to effectively remove these spores from the hands, adhering to CDC infection control guidelines.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於 C. diff 病人的手部衛生規定非常嚴格,多數醫療機構會於床邊張貼明確標示,要求護理師『Soap and Water Only』,強調不可僅依賴酒精乾洗手液。