社區護理師家訪一位最近確診高傳染性空氣傳染病的個案，個案住在多代同堂家庭。哪項初始護理動作為公共衛生的優先責任？
A community health nurse conducts a home visit for a client recently diagnosed with a highly contagious airborne infectious disease. The client lives in a multi-generational household. Which initial nursing action is the priority public health responsibility?
- AEnsure the client has financial resources for prescriptions.確保個案有支付處方箋的財務資源。
- BInitiate empirical broad-spectrum IV antibiotics for all uninfected family members.為所有未感染的家族成員開始經驗性廣效型靜脈注射抗生素治療。
- CDirect the family to evacuate the household permanently.指示家族永久搬離該住處。
- DVerify that the diagnosis has been formally reported to the state/local health department.✓ 正解確認診斷已正式通報至州/地方衛生部門。
對於法定通報傳染病（如 TB、麻疹、梅毒等），社區護理師的優先公共衛生責任是「確認此診斷已依法通報州/地方衛生單位」（D），以利衛生主管啟動 contact tracing（接觸者追蹤）與必要的公共衛生介入。其他選項：A. 財務評估雖重要，但屬於後續關懷，非公衛優先；C. 護理師無權於未診斷情況下對接觸者開立並施予 IV 抗生素；D. 命令全家搬離不切實際且超出護理師職權。
For legally reportable infectious diseases, the nurse’s primary public health responsibility is to ensure the diagnosis has been formally reported to the local or state health department. This reporting triggers essential public health interventions, such as contact tracing, to prevent further community spread.
對於法定傳染病 (Reportable diseases)，無論病患是否阻擋，醫護都有絕對的法律義務通報給衛生局。