— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備進行無菌傷口換藥，哪些行動顯示其遵守無菌技術？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to perform a sterile dressing change. Which actions indicate the nurse is maintaining sterile technique? (Select all that apply.)
- AOpening the sterile package flap away from the body first✓ 正解首先將無菌包的蓋子朝遠離身體的方向打開
- BHolding sterile items above waist level✓ 正解將無菌物品保持在腰部以上高度
- CTouching the outer 1-inch border of the sterile field with sterile gloves用無菌手套觸碰無菌區的邊緣 1 英寸範圍
- DKeeping the sterile field in constant view✓ 正解隨時保持對無菌區的視線
- EConsidering the edges of the sterile package as contaminated✓ 正解將無菌包的邊緣視為已污染
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
維護無菌狀態需遵守：1. 外包裝邊緣 1 英寸視為污染，不可接觸；2. 物品應高於腰部；3. 視線不可離開無菌區；4. 開包裝順序為遠端往近端（遠離身體）。C 選項錯誤：戴上手套後，不可觸碰邊緣，邊緣視為污染區，觸碰即會污染手套。
Maintaining sterile technique involves opening packages away from the body, keeping sterile items above waist level, and constantly monitoring the sterile field. The outer 1-inch border of sterile packages is considered contaminated and must never be touched.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對於無菌技術的操作原則大致相同，但美國醫院對於手術室及侵入性處置的稽核更強調行為觀察（Behavioral Audit）。