護理師準備進行腹部傷口的無菌換藥。哪些行動符合維持外科無菌技術？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to perform a sterile dressing change on an abdominal wound. Which actions are consistent with maintaining surgical asepsis? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the sterile field above waist level✓ 正解保持無菌區域在腰部以上
- BConsider the outer 1-inch border of the sterile field as contaminated✓ 正解將無菌區域的外圍1英吋邊界視為已污染
- CReach over the sterile field to pick up supplies跨越無菌區域撿取用品
- DKeep sterile gloves within the line of vision✓ 正解保持無菌手套在視線範圍內
- EFace the sterile field at all times✓ 正解始終面對無菌區域
外科無菌技術（Surgical Asepsis）要求在進行侵入性治療（如換藥）時，嚴格維持無菌區（Sterile field）不受微生物污染。關鍵原則包括：無菌物品必須在視線範圍內、不跨越無菌區、維持無菌區高度在腰部以上，以及識別並避開無菌區的外圍 1 英吋污染區。這些動作能確保傷口不受外源性病原體感染。
Surgical asepsis requires that, during invasive procedures such as dressing changes, the sterile field be strictly maintained free of microbial contamination. Key principles include keeping sterile items within the line of vision, not reaching over the sterile field, maintaining the sterile field above waist level, and recognizing and avoiding the 1-inch outer border, which is considered contaminated. These actions ensure that the wound is not contaminated by exogenous pathogens.