— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位髖關節置換術後的病人，哪項介入措施對於預防深部靜脈栓塞最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is most effective in preventing deep vein thrombosis?
- AKeeping the operative leg in a dependent position將手術側下肢保持在下垂位置
- BApplying sequential compression devices✓ 正解應用間歇性氣壓加壓裝置
- CAdministering oral aspirin twice daily每日兩次口服阿斯匹靈
- DMaintaining strict bed rest for 48 hours嚴格臥床休息 48 小時
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）預防的核心在於促進靜脈回流。間歇性氣壓式腿部壓迫器（SCDs）能有效加速血流並防止血液淤積，是術後物理預防的最佳標準程序。長期臥床反而增加血栓風險，且必須鼓勵病人儘早進行被動或主動的足部活動，而非依賴單一藥物。
Sequential compression devices (SCDs) are the most effective intervention listed because they mechanically promote venous return and prevent blood stasis, which is the core mechanism for deep vein thrombosis prevention. Other options like dependent positioning or prolonged bed rest increase venous pooling and thrombosis risk, while aspirin is not the standard prophylactic agent for this context.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常主導 SDC 的穿戴檢查；台灣則較依賴輔助人員協助，護理師監測壓力設定之法規權限略有不同。