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生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA

護理師評估一位急性低血容性休克病人,預期會出現下列哪些臨床發現?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is assessing a client with acute hypovolemic shock. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to encounter? (Select all that apply.)

  • ATachycardia✓ 正解
    心跳過速
  • BIncreased urine output
    尿量增加
  • CCool, clammy skin✓ 正解
    皮膚冰冷潮濕
  • DHypotension✓ 正解
    低血壓
  • EPeripheral edema
    周邊水腫
Explanation · 中文詳解

低血容性休克時,人體代償機制會導致心跳加速以維持心輸出量(Tachycardia),交感神經興奮使周邊血管收縮,出現皮膚濕冷(Cool, clammy skin),當失血量超過代償能力後,血壓下降(Hypotension)。尿量因腎臟灌流減少而下降,而周邊水腫通常與心衰竭相關,非休克早期表徵。

Acute hypovolemic shock triggers compensatory mechanisms such as tachycardia to maintain cardiac output and peripheral vasoconstriction, resulting in cool, clammy skin. As compensation fails, hypotension develops, while urine output decreases due to renal hypoperfusion.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國護理師依據 SBAR 溝通並在各單元有獨立評估權責,台灣護理師執行評估後通常需快速向主治醫師回報以調整輸液速度。

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