— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在照顧一位新診斷為闌尾炎的病人。病人有中度腹痛，並安排進行闌尾切除術。下列哪項措施對預防吸入性肺炎至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of appendicitis. The client has moderate abdominal pain and is scheduled for an appendectomy. Which intervention is crucial to prevent aspiration?
- AMaintain the client on NPO status✓ 正解維持病人禁食（NPO）狀態
- BAdminister prescribed pain medication給予處方止痛藥物
- CMonitor vital signs every 4 hours每 4 小時監測生命徵象
- DEncourage deep breathing exercises鼓勵深呼吸運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
闌尾炎病人需接受闌尾切除術（Appendectomy），術前禁食（NPO, Nothing Per Oral）是為了確保胃部排空。若胃內仍有食物或液體，麻醉時會增加嘔吐物逆流並被吸入肺部的風險（吸入性肺炎, Aspiration Pneumonia）。在臨床處理中，預防吸入性肺炎屬於優先等級高的安全護理措施。
Maintaining NPO (nothing by mouth) status is crucial before an appendectomy to ensure the stomach is empty, thereby significantly reducing the risk of pulmonary aspiration during anesthesia. Aspiration of gastric contents can lead to serious complications such as aspiration pneumonia, making this a priority safety intervention.