一位居家照護護理師正在評估一名年長病患的生活環境。該病患最近在嚴重的髖部骨折後剛出院。護理師應優先改變下列哪項具體發現，以消除最重大的環境安全危害？
A home care nurse is evaluating an elderly client's living environment. The client was recently discharged following a severe hip fracture. Which specific finding should the nurse prioritize altering to eliminate the most significant environmental safety hazard?
- AThe living room lacks a central ceiling light and instead relies on strategically placed bright floor lamps.客廳缺乏中央天花板燈，改以 strategically placed bright floor lamps 照明
- BThe client keeps several unanchored, decorative small throw rugs scattered along the tiled hallway leading to the bathroom.✓ 正解客戶在通往浴室的磁磚走廊上散落數塊未固定的裝飾性小地毯
- CThe client stores their daily medications inside exactly labeled pill organizers on the highly visible kitchen counter.客戶將每日藥物存放在廚房顯眼處標籤清晰的藥盒內
- DThe bathroom shower stall has only one permanently installed metal grab bar instead of two.浴室淋浴間僅有一根永久安裝的金屬扶手，而非兩根
本題測驗出院照護與居家安全管理 (Management of Care / Safety and Infection Control)。對於老年人，特別是剛經歷髖部骨折 (Hip fracture) 的衰弱病患，『跌倒預防 (Fall Prevention)』是居家安全的最底線與最高優先目標。在家中最容易導致災難性滑倒的東西，就是『無固定的小片裝飾地毯 (Throw rugs/scatter rugs)』。特別是放在通往浴室這條病患頻繁且常在夜間急迫行走的光滑磁磚走廊上。護理師首要行動必須是移除所有的活動地毯（選項 B 正確）。選項 A 的照明方式只要足夠明亮（bright）且沒有電線絆倒危險，就不構成最高的立刻危害。選項 C 將每天吃的藥明確分類並放在看得到的地方（流理台）是一項非常優良的衛教與服藥遵從性表現。選項 D 浴室有一個穩固的扶手就提供了基礎的安全防護，雖然兩個更好，但它不如「會滑動的地毯」來得致命且危險。
This question tests discharge care and home safety management (Management of Care / Safety and Infection Control). For older adults, especially frail patients recently recovering from a hip fracture, fall prevention is the bottom line and highest priority of home safety. The item in the home most likely to cause catastrophic slips is unanchored small decorative throw rugs (scatter rugs), particularly on the smooth tile hallway leading to the bathroom – an area the patient walks through often, including urgent trips at night. The nurse's first action must be to remove all loose throw rugs (option B is correct). In option A, lighting placement is acceptable as long as it is bright enough and there are no tripping hazards, so it does not represent the most immediate hazard. Option C – clearly labeling daily medications and placing them on a visible counter – is an excellent demonstration of patient education and adherence. Option D – having one securely installed grab bar in the bathroom – provides basic safety protection; although two would be better, this is not as lethally dangerous as a sliding rug.
世界級居家用藥/防跌考題：只要看到長輩家地上有 Throw rugs (活動小地毯)、寵物、或是走廊上有延長線，毫無懸念就是第一時間要移除的「跌倒殺手」。