— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · MCQ —
一位思覺失調症病人告訴護理師:「耳邊的聲音叫我衝出去跳到車子前面。」護理師首要採取什麼行動?
A client with schizophrenia tells the nurse, 'The voices are telling me to go outside and jump in front of a car.' What is the priority nursing action?
- ATell the client the voices are not real.告訴病人這些聲音不是真實的。
- BInitiate one-to-one observation (suicide precaution).✓ 正解啟動一對一觀察(自殺預防措施)。
- CAdminister the PRN antipsychotic medication.給予處方備用抗精神病藥物。
- DAsk the client what the voices sound like.詢問病人聲音聽起來像什麼。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
當病人出現命令式幻聽且涉及自我傷害時,首要考量是病人的生理安全。應立即啟動一對一觀察(防護措施),確保病人不會實踐幻聽的指令。選項 D 是評估內容,C 是藥物治療,A 則是無效的溝通方式,均非第一優先級的風險管理措施。
When a client expresses command hallucinations involving self-harm, initiating one-to-one observation is the priority nursing action to ensure immediate physical safety during acute psychosis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台精神科病房對於命令式幻聽的自殺防範標準一致,皆要求 24 小時不間斷監護。