— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為心衰竭病人投予地高辛（Digoxin）時，應執行哪些步驟？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when administering digoxin to a client with heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck the apical pulse for one full minute✓ 正解聽診心尖脈搏整整一分鐘
- BWithhold the dose if the heart rate is less than 60 beats/min✓ 正解若心率低於每分鐘60次則暫停給藥
- CMonitor the client for yellow-green visual halos✓ 正解監測病人是否有黃綠色視覺光暈
- DAssess the client for serum potassium levels✓ 正解評估病人的血清鉀濃度
- EAdminister with a large meal to prevent GI irritation隨大餐服用以預防胃腸道刺激
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
地高辛治療指數窄，極易產生中毒。給藥前務必聽診心尖脈一分鐘，心跳 <60 下應停藥。此外，低血鉀會增加中毒風險，需密切監測電解質。視力模糊（出現黃綠色光暈）是經典中毒症狀，護理師需進行教育與觀察。進食與藥物吸收無直接影響，不需隨餐。
Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index, making toxicity a significant risk. The nurse must check the apical pulse for one full minute and withhold the dose if the heart rate is less than 60 beats/min, as bradycardia is a hallmark sign of toxicity. Additionally, hypokalemia potentiates digoxin toxicity, so monitoring serum potassium levels is essential. Nurses should also assess for classic signs of toxicity, such as yellow-green visual halos.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床護理師常需確認病人是否有噁心、嘔吐等腸胃道不適症狀，這是地高辛中毒早期表現。