— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
一位第一型糖尿病病人需施打 NPH 及速效胰島素。當護理師將兩者混合於同一個針筒時，應先執行哪項步驟？
A client with type 1 diabetes is prescribed NPH insulin and regular insulin. When mixing these insulins in one syringe, which step should the nurse perform first?
- ADraw up the NPH insulin first先抽取 NPH 胰島素
- BInject air into the NPH insulin vial✓ 正解向 NPH 胰島素瓶中注入空氣
- CInject air into the regular insulin vial向常規胰島素瓶中注入空氣
- DDraw up the regular insulin first先抽取常規胰島素
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
抽取胰島素的標準流程遵循「先空氣後藥物，先清澈後混濁」。NPH 為中效胰島素（懸浮液，混濁），Regular 為速效（清澈）。為避免污染藥瓶，需先將空氣注入 NPH 瓶，再注入 Regular 瓶，最後抽取 Regular 藥液，再抽取 NPH 藥液。
When mixing insulins, the rule is 'air before solution; clear before cloudy.' NPH is intermediate-acting (cloudy suspension); regular is rapid-acting (clear). To prevent contamination of the regular insulin vial with NPH, the nurse should first inject air into the NPH (cloudy) vial, then air into the regular (clear) vial, draw up regular first, then NPH.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美護理教育中關於胰島素混合的操作規範一致，皆遵循此標準程序，避免藥液交叉污染。