— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
對於有姿勢性低血壓的病人，哪項護理介入最有效？
Which nursing intervention is most effective for a patient with orthostatic hypotension?
- ADangling the legs before standing✓ 正解站立前讓雙腿懸垂
- BEncouraging the patient to hold their breath while rising鼓勵患者在起身時憋氣
- CRapidly standing the patient up to improve circulation快速讓患者站起來以改善循環
- DApplying pressure to the neck while standing站立時按壓頸部
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
床緣坐立（dangling）能讓身體適應姿勢變化，穩定靜脈回流。快速起身（C）會引發嚴重的暈厥；閉氣（B）會引起 Valsalva 效應，反而使血壓波動更大；壓迫頸部（D）會干擾壓力感受器，皆應避免。
Dangling the legs allows the body time to compensate for postural changes, stabilizing venous return and preventing orthostatic hypotension. Rapid standing can cause severe syncope, while holding the breath triggers the Valsalva maneuver, which may worsen blood pressure fluctuations. Neck pressure should be avoided as it interferes with baroreceptor function.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師會教導病人穿著彈性襪（Compression stockings）來輔助，台灣則較多依賴物理性的姿勢調整衛教。