— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施適合接受化學治療的病人？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client receiving chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.)
- AUse soft-bristle toothbrushes✓ 正解使用軟毛牙刷
- BAvoid raw fruits and vegetables✓ 正解避免生食水果和蔬菜
- CMonitor temperature daily✓ 正解每日監測體溫
- DPerform strenuous physical exercise daily每日進行劇烈運動
- ELimit social interaction to avoid infection限制社交互動以避免感染
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
化療病人因骨髓抑制，常見嗜中性白血球低下與血小板減少。護理指導應強調出血預防（軟毛牙刷）與感染控制（避免生食、監測發燒）。過度運動可能因體力耗損與潛在受傷風險而不建議；社交互動並非完全禁止，但需佩戴口罩與避開生病者。
Chemotherapy often causes bone marrow suppression, leading to neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, which increases the risk of infection and bleeding. Appropriate interventions include using a soft-bristle toothbrush to prevent gum injury, avoiding raw fruits and vegetables to reduce bacterial exposure, and monitoring temperature daily as fever may indicate a life-threatening infection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院對於嗜中性白血球低下的飲食限制（Neutropenic diet）執行極為嚴格，美國則趨向於更有彈性的標準化建議。