一位思覺失調症個案出現社交退縮、言語貧乏及平淡情感。護理師應執行哪些介入措施？（選所有適合的）
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting signs of social withdrawal, poverty of speech, and flat affect. Which nursing interventions should be implemented? (Select all that apply.)
- AProvide brief, frequent contact periods to build trust✓ 正解提供短暫且頻繁的接觸時間以建立信任
- BEncourage participation in group activities immediately鼓勵立即參與團體活動
- CUse silence to allow the client time to process information✓ 正解運用沈默讓病人有時間處理資訊
- DDocument the client's progress using specific behavioral observations✓ 正解使用具體的行為觀察來記錄病人的進展
- EAssume a non-judgmental, accepting attitude✓ 正解採取非評判性、接納的態度
個案表現出陰性症狀，護理目標在於建立安全感與社會再連結。頻繁短暫接觸可減輕壓力，沈默給予加工訊息的時間，客觀行為觀察有助於評估進展，不評判的態度能增強安全感。過早強迫參加團體活動會增加個案壓力而退縮。
For clients with schizophrenia exhibiting negative symptoms like social withdrawal and flat affect, the priority is to build trust through brief, frequent interactions and a non-judgmental attitude. Using silence allows the client time to process information without pressure, while specific behavioral documentation helps track progress. Forcing immediate group participation may overwhelm the client and increase anxiety.
美台精神科照顧皆強調漸進式參與。在台灣，精神科病房常結合團體治療（如職能治療），護理師需與團隊密切協調介入時間。