護理師評估一位疑似藥物濫用的病人。下列哪項行為最能顯示其具有「生理依賴性」？
A nurse is assessing a client for potential substance abuse. Which behavior is most indicative of physical dependence?
- AExperiencing withdrawal symptoms when the substance is stopped✓ 正解停止該物質時出現戒斷症狀
- BUsing the substance even when it causes social problems即使造成社會問題仍使用該物質
- CSpending a large amount of time obtaining the substance花費大量時間獲取該物質
- DFeeling a strong urge to use the substance when stressed感到壓力時有強烈使用該物質的衝動
物質依賴包含生理依賴與心理依賴。生理依賴（Physical dependence）的核心在於身體已適應物質的存在，形成神經適應性變化。當物質攝取量減少或停止時，身體因失去該物質而產生一連串負向的生理反應，即為戒斷症狀（Withdrawal symptoms）。這是評估生理依賴最客觀的指徵，而其他選項多屬於行為層面的心理依賴。
Substance dependence includes both physical and psychological components. The core feature of physical dependence is that the body has adapted to the presence of the substance and undergone neuroadaptive changes. When the substance is reduced or stopped, the body produces a cascade of negative physiologic responses - withdrawal symptoms. This is the most objective indicator of physical dependence, while the other options largely reflect behavioral features of psychological dependence.