— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些方法能確保藥物給藥時的病人安全？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following are appropriate methods to ensure client safety during medication administration? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck the medication against the MAR three times✓ 正解三次核對藥物與藥物給藥紀錄表
- BIdentify the client using two identifiers✓ 正解使用兩種病人識別方式
- CAsk the client to state their name and date of birth✓ 正解請病人自報姓名與出生日期
- DAdminister the medication immediately after drawing it up抽吸藥物後立即給藥
- ECheck the medication label against the prescription before giving it✓ 正解給藥前核對藥物標籤與醫囑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
給藥安全是護理實務的基石，核心在於「三讀五對」。三讀確保藥物在備藥過程中的正確性，五對則確保正確的病人、藥物、劑量、途徑與時間。使用兩種身分識別（如姓名與出生日期）是美國醫療機構（如 TJC 規範）強制要求的標準，以避免同名同姓錯誤。給藥前核對 MAR（藥物給藥紀錄）與藥物標籤，能有效預防給藥錯誤。
Client safety during medication administration requires strict adherence to the 'three checks' and verifying the client's identity using two unique identifiers, such as name and date of birth. Nurses must also compare the medication label against the prescription before administration to prevent errors. Immediate administration without proper labeling or skipping verification steps compromises patient safety.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院強烈要求使用條碼給藥系統（BCMA），護理師需掃描病人手圈與藥物條碼，這已成為標準的安全給藥流程。