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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ

護理師正給予常規胰島素(regular insulin)的靜脈輸注。病人的血糖值為 70 mg/dL。首要的護理措施為何?

A nurse is administering an IV infusion of regular insulin. The client's blood glucose level is 70 mg/dL. What is the priority nursing action?

  • ADecrease the infusion rate by half.
    將輸注速率減半
  • BStop the infusion and administer 10% dextrose IV.✓ 正解
    停止輸注並給予 10% 葡萄糖靜脈注射
  • CAdminister a subcutaneous injection of glucagon.
    給予皮下注射升糖素
  • DContinue the infusion at the current rate.
    以目前速率繼續輸注
Explanation · 中文詳解

靜脈輸注胰島素時,血糖值 70 mg/dL 已處於低血糖臨界點。持續輸注會造成更嚴重的低血糖,導致腦部缺糖引發昏迷甚至死亡。根據醫療安全原則,當血糖低於標準值時,優先措施是停止輸注(Stop the infusion),並根據醫囑給予靜脈葡萄糖補充,以快速矯正血糖,這是保護病人生命安全的最優先動作。

A blood glucose level of 70 mg/dL indicates hypoglycemia, requiring immediate intervention to prevent severe complications such as coma or death. The priority action is to stop the insulin infusion and administer intravenous dextrose to rapidly correct the low blood sugar level.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國,這類處置通常會依據醫院的「Hypoglycemia Protocol」執行,護理師有權在血糖低於特定數值時直接執行給予 D50W 或 D10W 的醫囑,而無需等待醫師口頭命令。

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