— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人正在接受萬古黴素（Vancomycin）靜脈輸注。護理師觀察到病人的臉部與頸部潮紅。優先採取的措施為何？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of vancomycin. The nurse notices the client's face and neck are flushing. Which action is the priority?
- AStop the infusion immediately立即停止輸注
- BAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
- CSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
- DCall the physician for an epinephrine order通知醫師開立腎上腺素醫囑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現稱為「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），是萬古黴素輸注過快引起的組織胺釋放。處置首要是減慢滴速。若是嚴重的過敏反應（如低血壓、呼吸困難）才需立即停止並給藥，輕微潮紅通常只需調整速度即可改善。
This presentation describes Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-release reaction from rapid vancomycin infusion. The primary management is to slow the infusion rate. Stopping infusion or giving epinephrine is reserved for severe reactions (hypotension, dyspnea, anaphylaxis). Mild flushing typically resolves with rate reduction.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於紅人症候群的處理原則一致，皆強調「減慢速度」為首要步驟，若減速無效再考慮暫停。