— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人自行皮下注射胰島素。下列哪些動作顯示病人理解正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of subcutaneous insulin. Which actions by the client indicate a correct understanding? (Select all that apply.)
- AWipe the injection site with an alcohol swab and let it dry✓ 正解用酒精棉片擦拭注射部位並讓其乾燥
- BRotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy✓ 正解輪替注射部位以防止脂肪營養不良
- CPush the plunger slowly to inject the insulin✓ 正解緩慢推動活塞以注入胰島素
- DMassage the injection site vigorously after withdrawal拔針後用力按摩注射部位
- EDispose of the needle in a puncture-resistant container✓ 正解將針頭丟入防穿刺容器中
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮下注射胰島素的正確步驟包括：使用酒精消毒並等待乾燥以防止刺痛；輪替部位防止脂肪萎縮；緩慢推藥以減少組織受損；使用利器盒處置針頭。按摩（D）是錯誤動作，因為會加速吸收或造成組織創傷，改變預期的藥物動力學曲線。
Correct self-administration of subcutaneous insulin includes cleansing with alcohol and letting it dry to prevent stinging, rotating sites to prevent lipodystrophy, injecting slowly to reduce tissue damage, and disposing of the needle in a sharps container. Vigorous massage (D) is incorrect because it alters insulin absorption and can injure the tissue.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對胰島素衛教規範一致，皆強調不再按摩施打部位，以維持藥物吸收穩定度。