— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些行為是潛在自殺風險的指標？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following behaviors are indicators of potential suicide risk? (Select all that apply.)
- AGiving away prized possessions✓ 正解贈送珍貴的個人物品
- BSudden improvement in mood after depression✓ 正解憂鬱後情緒突然改善
- CVerbalizing hopelessness about the future✓ 正解表達對未來的絕望感
- DIncreased social engagement with peers增加與同儕的社交互動
- EWriting a suicide note or testament✓ 正解撰寫自殺遺書或遺囑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
自殺風險指標包括：贈送珍貴物品（準備告別）、絕望感（對未來無望）、書寫遺書。特別需注意的是「突然的情緒改善」，因為這常發生在病人已做出決定（準備實行）後的解脫感。增加社交互動（D）通常是心理好轉的指標，而非風險。
Indicators of suicide risk include giving away prized possessions, expressing hopelessness, writing a suicide note, and showing a sudden improvement in mood after a period of depression. This sudden calm often signals that the individual has made a decision to end their life and feels relief. Increased social engagement is generally a positive sign of recovery and not an indicator of imminent risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆強烈重視自殺風險評估（如 Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale）；美國護理教育更強調對自殺暗示的直觀辨識。