— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
照護一位下肢剛打石膏的病人，下列哪些護理措施是合適的？（選所有適合的）
Which actions are appropriate when caring for a client with a new cast on their lower extremity? (Select all that apply.)
- AElevate the limb above heart level✓ 正解將患肢抬高超過心臟水平
- BCheck capillary refill in toes✓ 正解檢查腳趾的毛細血管回填時間
- CInsert a finger between the cast and skin✓ 正解在石膏與皮膚之間插入手指
- DApply heating pad to the cast to speed drying在石膏上使用熱敷墊以加速乾燥
- EAssess for paresthesia or numbness✓ 正解評估是否有感覺異常或麻木
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
石膏固定後需嚴防腔室症候群。A（抬高肢體）可減少腫脹；B（微血管回填）評估血液循環；C（測試鬆緊度）確保不會過緊壓迫神經血管；E（感覺異常評估）是神經受壓徵象。D 錯誤：加熱會損壞石膏結構或燒傷皮膚，石膏乾固需自然通風。
Proper cast care involves elevating the limb to reduce edema, checking capillary refill and sensation to monitor for neurovascular compromise, and ensuring the cast is not too tight. Applying heat is contraindicated as it can damage the cast structure or cause skin burns, whereas natural air drying is recommended.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均強調「神經血管評估（Neurovascular check）」，臨床上會使用「5P」原則進行結構化評估。