— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人自行皮下注射胰島素。下列哪項病人的描述表示需要進一步指導？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of subcutaneous insulin. Which statements by the client indicate a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- AI will rotate my injection sites to prevent lipohypertrophy我會旋轉注射部位以預防脂肪營養不良
- BI should rub the site vigorously after the injection✓ 正解注射後我應該用力揉搓注射部位
- CI will reuse my needle to save money as long as it looks clean✓ 正解只要針頭看起來乾淨，我會重複使用針頭以節省費用
- DI will pull the skin taut before inserting the needle插入針頭前我會拉緊皮膚
- EI will inject at a 90-degree angle for shorter needles對於較短的針頭，我會以 90 度角注射
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
胰島素注射需注意：揉搓部位會加速藥物吸收，可能導致低血糖；重複使用針頭會增加感染風險及造成組織損傷（針頭變鈍）。其他選項皆正確：部位輪替可預防脂肪組織肥厚；根據針頭長度採 90 度注射是正確的；必要時輕拉皮膚可確保進入皮下組織。
Rubbing the injection site increases the rate of insulin absorption, which can lead to hypoglycemia, and reusing needles increases the risk of infection and tissue trauma due to needle dulling. These actions indicate a need for further teaching, whereas rotating sites, using a 90-degree angle, and pulling the skin taut are correct techniques for safe self-administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣與美國皆強調針頭不可重複使用，但在經濟考量下，病人仍有重複使用習慣，需特別加強衛教。